Pattern series

Persistent Connection Management

9 System Design questions share this exact tag. Use the closely related series below for a fuller drill.

  1. 01

    Chat App

    Design the client-side architecture of a WhatsApp-style mobile messenger — connection handling, message state, offline storage, and encryption all hav...

    Discord
    Preview
  2. 02

    Chat Service

    Design the backend infrastructure behind a chat product — stateful connection servers, message storage, and group fan-out — for hundreds of millions o...

    Discord
    Preview
  3. 03

    Collaborative Shopping

    Design a collaborative shopping experience where multiple people share a single cart in real time, add and remove items concurrently, and one designat...

    Practice bank
    Preview
  4. 04

    Facebook Messenger

    Design Facebook Messenger — a real-time chat system delivering messages with low latency, ordering guarantees, and multi-device sync at massive scale.

    Meta
    Free guide
  5. 05

    Google Doc

    Design Google Docs’ real-time collaborative editing — multiple users typing in the same document simultaneously and seeing each other’s edits converge...

    Google
    Preview
  6. 06

    IoT Device Platform

    Design a platform managing ~10 million connected devices over MQTT: connection lifecycle and disconnect detection, telemetry ingest at fleet scale, an...

    Practice bank
    Preview
  7. 07

    Real-time Voice AI Agent

    Design a real-time voice AI agent platform for phone support and voice assistants: the complete loop from the user speaking to the agent speaking back...

    Practice bank
    Preview
  8. 08

    Real-time Multiplayer Game

    Design an authoritative server for a real-time multiplayer game.

    Riot Games
    Preview
  9. 09

    Live Comments

    Design a live comments system that fans out comments from one live event to millions of concurrent viewers in real time.

    Meta
    Preview